Umthombo: I-China Ocean Shipping e-Magazine, Mashi 6, 2023.
Naphezu kokwehla kwesidingo kanye nokwehla kwamanani empahla, ukuthengiselana ngokuqasha imikhumbi yezitsha kusaqhubeka emakethe yokuqasha imikhumbi yezitsha, esefinyelele izinga eliphezulu lomlando ngokwenani lama-oda.
Amanani okuqasha amanje aphansi kakhulu kunesikhathi sawo esiphezulu. Lapho esesikhathini esiphezulu, isikhathi sokuqasha sezinyanga ezintathu somkhumbi omncane onamakhonteyina singabiza kufika ku-$200,000 ngosuku, kuyilapho isikhathi sokuqasha somkhumbi ophakathi nendawo singafinyelela ku-$60,000 ngosuku eminyakeni emihlanu. Kodwa-ke, lezo zinsuku sezidlulile futhi cishe ngeke zibuye.
UGeorge Youroukos, i-CEO ye-Global Ship Lease (GSL), usanda kusho ukuthi "isidingo sokuqasha asikanyamalali, uma nje isidingo siqhubeka, ibhizinisi lokuqasha imikhumbi lizoqhubeka."
UMoritz Furhmann, i-CFO ye-MPC Containers, ukholelwa ukuthi "izinga lokuqasha lihlale lizinzile ngaphezu kwesilinganiso somlando."
NgoLwesihlanu olwedlule, i-Harpex Index, elinganisa amazinga okuqasha ezinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhumbi, yehle ngo-77% kusukela esicongweni sayo somlando ngoMashi 2022 yaya kumaphuzu angu-1059. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokwehla kulo nyaka liye lehla, futhi inkomba iye yazinza emasontweni amuva nje, isalokhu iphindwe kabili kunenani ngaphambi kobhubhane lwango-2019 ngoFebhuwari.
Ngokusho kwemibiko yakamuva ye-Alphaliner, ngemuva kokuphela koNyaka Omusha waseShayina, isidingo sokuqasha imikhumbi yezitsha sikhulile, futhi umthamo wokuqasha otholakalayo ezimakethe eziningi zemikhumbi ezihlukanisiwe uyaqhubeka nokushoda, okubonisa ukuthi amazinga okuqasha azokhuphuka emasontweni azayo.
Imikhumbi yezitsha ephakathi nendawo nencane ithandwa kakhulu.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngesikhathi esihle kakhulu emakethe, cishe yonke imikhumbi emikhulu yasayina izinkontileka zokuqasha zeminyaka eminingi ezingakaphelelwa yisikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imikhumbi emikhulu obekufanele ivuselelwe kulo nyaka isivele yandise izivumelwano zayo zokuqasha ngonyaka odlule.
Olunye ushintsho olukhulu ukuthi imigomo yokuqasha ifinyezwe kakhulu. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba ngonyaka odlule, i-GSL iqashe imikhumbi yayo emine isilinganiso sezinyanga eziyishumi.
Ngokusho komthengisi wemikhumbi uBraemar, kule nyanga, i-MSC iqashe umkhumbi i-3469 TEU Hansa Europe izinyanga ezi-2-4 ngesilinganiso sama-$17,400 ngosuku, kanye nomkhumbi i-1355 TEU Atlantic West izinyanga ezi-5-7 ngesilinganiso sama-$13,000 ngosuku. I-Hapag-Lloyd iqashe umkhumbi i-2506 TEU Maira izinyanga ezi-4-7 ngesilinganiso sama-$17,750 ngosuku. I-CMA CGM isanda kuqasha imikhumbi emine: umkhumbi i-3434 TEU Hope Island izinyanga ezi-8-10 ngesilinganiso sama-$17,250 ngosuku; umkhumbi i-2754 TEU Atlantic Discoverer izinyanga ezi-10-12 ngesilinganiso sama-$17,000 ngosuku; umkhumbi i-17891 TEU Sheng An izinyanga ezi-6-8 ngesilinganiso sama-$14,500 ngosuku; kanye nomkhumbi i-TEU Atlantic West ongu-1355 izinyanga ezi-5-7 ngesilinganiso esingu-$13,000 ngosuku.
Izingozi ziyanda ezinkampanini zokuqasha
Ubuningi bama-oda aphula amarekhodi bube yinto ekhathaza izinkampani eziqashisa ngemikhumbi. Nakuba iningi lalezi zinkampani seliqashisiwe kulo nyaka, kuzokwenzekani ngemva kwalokho?
Njengoba izinkampani zokuthumela imikhumbi zithola imikhumbi emisha neyonga uphethiloli evela ezindaweni zokukhiqiza imikhumbi, kungenzeka zingavuseleli izivumelwano zokuqasha imikhumbi emidala uma iphelelwa yisikhathi. Uma abaqashi bengakwazi ukuthola abaqashi abasha noma bengakwazi ukuthola inzuzo ngokuqasha, bazobhekana nesikhathi sokungasebenzi komkhumbi noma ekugcineni bangakhetha ukuwuyeka.
I-MPC kanye ne-GSL bobabili bagcizelela ukuthi ivolumu ephezulu yama-oda kanye nomthelela ongaba khona kubaqashi bemikhumbi empeleni kubeka ingcindezi ezinhlotsheni zemikhumbi emikhulu. I-CEO ye-MPC uConstantin Baack uthe iningi lencwadi yama-oda lenzelwe imikhumbi emikhulu, futhi uma uhlobo lomkhumbi luncane, ivolumu yama-oda incane.
UBaack uphinde waphawula ukuthi ama-oda akamuva akhetha imikhumbi esebenzisa uphethiloli ombaxambili engasebenzisa i-LNG noma i-methanol, efanele imikhumbi emikhulu. Emikhumbi emincane esebenza kwezohwebo lwesifunda, ayikho ingqalasizinda kaphethiloli ye-LNG ne-methanol eyanele.
Umbiko wakamuva we-Alphaliner uthi ama-92% ezakhiwo ezintsha zamakhonteyina ezi-odwe kulo nyaka yimikhumbi elungele uphethiloli ye-LNG noma i-methanol, kusukela kuma-86% ngonyaka odlule.
ULister we-GSL ukhombe ukuthi umthamo wemikhumbi yeziqukathi ngoku-oda umelela u-29% wamandla akhona, kodwa emikhunjini engaphezu kuka-10,000 TEU, lesi silinganiso singama-52%, kanti emikhunjini emincane, singama-14% kuphela. Kulindeleke ukuthi izinga lokukhuhla imikhumbi lizokhula kulo nyaka, okuholela ekukhuleni okuncane kwamandla angempela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-24-2023