Imboni yemikhumbi yomhlaba wonke ngo-2026 isebenza ngaphansi kohlaka lokuhlolwa okuqinile kwemithetho kanye nokushintsha okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezepolitiki. Kubakhiqizi kanye nabanikazi bamaphrojekthi, ukuhamba kwezimpahla zezimboni ezinenani eliphezulu ngaphesheya kolwandle kuhilela izingozi ezinkulu zezimali nezomthetho. Iphutha elilodwa lokuphatha noma ukuntuleka kwesitifiketi esifanele kungaholela ekubanjweni kwemishini yezigidi zamaRandi emingceleni yamazwe ngamazwe. Kulesi simo, i-Inkampani Yokuthutha Yamazwe Ngamazwe YaseShayinakumele ibe nokungaphezu nje kolwazi lokusebenza; kumele ibe nesimo esisemthethweni esidingekayo ukuze ivikele amakhasimende ayo. Amalayisense afana nesitifiketi se-Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier (NVOCC) kanye nesitifiketi se-Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) akuzona nje iziqu zokuhlonipha. Kunalokho, asebenza njengomngcele oyisisekelo wobunikazi obusemthethweni, enquma ukuthi umhlinzeki wezokuthutha uphatha kanjani isibopho, ukuphepha kwezezimali, kanye negunya lesivumelwano.
Ukukhetha umlingani ongenazo lezi ziqinisekiso kuveza abathumeli esimweni sokuziphendulela. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda izinzuzo zesakhiwo selayisensi ye-NVOCC kanye ne-FMC kubalulekile kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi elihamba ngendlela yesimanje yolwandle.
Ukuguqulwa kusuka ku-Agent kuya ku-Carrier: Inzuzo ye-NVOCC
Umehluko omkhulu emhlabeni wezokuthutha uphakathi komthengisi wezimpahla wendabuko kanye ne-NVOCC. I-ejenti yendabuko isebenza egameni lomthumeli kuphela, ivame ukushiya umnikazi wempahla ukuthi abhekane ngqo nomugqa womkhumbi uma kwenzeka ingxabano. Kodwa-ke, i-NVOCC isebenza "njengenkampani ethwala impahla ebonakalayo." Lesi simo sivumela inkampani ukuthi ithathe umthwalo wemfanelo ophelele wempahla ngenkathi isebenzisa imikhumbi ebonakalayo yemizila emikhulu yokuthumela impahla.
Okubalulekile kulolu shintsho yigunya lokukhipha i-House Bill of Lading (HBL). Lo mbhalo uyinkontileka yokuthutha enikeza i-NVOCC amandla okuxoxisana ngamanani empahla kanye nendawo ngqo nabaqhubi bemikhumbi. Kuzinkampani ezikhethekile ezifana ne-I-OOGPLUS, eseShanghai, lesi simo sezomthetho sinikeza amandla amakhulu lapho kuphathwa imithwalo engaphandle kwe-gauge (OOG). Ngenxa yokuthi i-OOGPLUS inesitifiketi se-NVOCC, inganikeza iziqinisekiso zesinxephezelo eziqondile. Esikhundleni sokulinda umugqa wokuthumela impahla ukuthi ucubungule isimangalo, i-NVOCC imelela njengomlingani oyinhloko wesivumelwano. Lesi simo sezomthetho siphinde sinikeze inkampani amandla angcono okuxoxisana ngemithwalo emikhulu "enzima ukuyibeka", okuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini esindayo ithola indawo yokugcina kanye nokuvikelwa kuqala.
Ukuphepha Kwezezimali Nokuthobela Imithetho Ngokusebenzisa Ilayisense Ye-FMC
Ngokuphathelene nokuthunyelwa okubandakanya imakethe yaseNyakatho Melika noma imizila emikhulu yokuhweba yamazwe ngamazwe, ilayisensi ye-Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) imelela indinganiso yegolide yokuthobela imithetho. I-FMC isebenza njengomqaphi olawulayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi abahlinzeki bezolwandle banamathela emikhubeni yokuhweba efanele kanye nokusobala kwezezimali. Esinye sezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zale layisensi yi-75,000 USD FMC Surety Bond ephoqelekile. Lesi sibopho sisebenza "njengomsele wezezimali," sivikela abanikazi bezimpahla engcupheni yokuqothuka noma ukungasebenzi kahle komhlinzeki wezokuthutha.
Emakethe eguquguqukayo ka-2026, lapho izimali ezengeziwe zolwandle kanye nezimali zechweba zishintsha ngokushesha, ilayisensi ye-FMC iqinisekisa ukucaca kwamanani. Abahlinzeki abanelayisensi njenge-OOGPLUS kumele bafake amanani abo kanye nezinkontileka zesevisi, bavimbele ukwenyuka kwamanani okungahleliwe noma izindleko ezifihliwe. Lokhu kuqapha okulawulayo kususa izikhala zomthetho ezivame ukuvela ngezikhathi zokuminyana kwechweba noma ukushoda kwemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthobela imithetho ye-FMC kubonisa iziphathimandla zomhlaba wonke ukuthi inkampani ilandela imigomo eqinile yokulwa nenkohlakalo kanye nokuhlanzwa kwemali. Enkampanini ephethe amaphrojekthi amakhulu ezimboni, leli zinga lempilo yezezimali eqinisekisiwe libalulekile ekugcineni uchungechunge lokunikezela oluzinzile.
"I-Trust Premium" ku-Oversized Project Cargo
Ukuthutha imishini emikhulu kakhulu, njenge-wind turbine blades noma ama-transformer angamathani angu-40, kudinga izinga eliphakeme lokwethenjwa kobungcweti kunokuthunyelwa kwezitsha okujwayelekile. La maphrojekthi avame ukuhilela uchungechunge lwezokuthutha olunezindlela eziningi oluhlanganisa amazwekazi amaningana. Ezimweni ezinjalo, uchwepheshe wezokuthutha kumele axhumane nenethiwekhi enkulu yabalingani bomhlaba wonke. Iziqinisekiso ezifana ne-NVOCC kanye nelayisensi ye-FMC zithuthukisa kakhulu i-"Trust Premium" ezinhlanganweni ezifana ne-World Cargo Alliance (WCA).
Uma umhlinzeki enesimo esiqinisekisiwe sezomthetho nezezimali, ama-ejenti aphesheya kanye neziphathimandla zechweba bacubungula ukuthunyelwa kwabo ngokuzethemba okukhulu. Ku-OOGPLUS, ukuhlanganisa lesi sithombe sobungcweti nobuchwepheshe bayo eShanghai kudala ukuhamba komsebenzi okungenamthungo. Ngenxa yokuthi inkampani inala malayisense aphezulu, ingaphatha imininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi yokubopha, ukuhlola imizila, kanye nokuphathwa kwamaphrojekthi ngokusekelwa okugcwele komthetho wamazwe omhlaba wezolwandle. Leli gunya libaluleke kakhulu lapho lisebenzisana nabanikazi bemikhumbi esindayo abadinga ubufakazi bokuthi umhlinzeki uyakwazi yini ngokomthetho nangokwezimali ngaphambi kokufaka isikhala esikhethekile sedekhi. Ngenxa yalokho, ilayisensi iba ithuluzi lokusebenza kahle, inciphise isikhathi esichithwa ekuqinisekisweni kokuphatha kuzo zonke izindawo zokudluliselwa kwemikhumbi.
Ukwenza kube lula ukuba yinkimbinkimbi ngokuhlanganiswa kwedijithali kanye nomthetho
Uchwepheshe wezokuthutha wesimanje akanciki emaphepheni kuphela. Ngo-2026, ukuhlanganiswa kwezixazululo zedijithali nezitifiketi zomthetho sekuyinto eyisisekelo yamaketanga okuhlinzeka asebenza kahle kakhulu. Umthwali onelayisensi angahlanganisa izinhlelo zakhe zokulandelela zedijithali ngqo neziphathimandla zamasiko kanye nezamachweba, anikeze izinga lokucaca okungenakufaniswa nama-ejenti angenawo amalayisense.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali okwenziwe yi-OOGPLUS kwezobuchwepheshe kubonakalisa lo mkhuba. Ngokuhlanganisa isimo sayo se-NVOCC namathuluzi edijithali amasha, inkampani yenza lula inqubo yezokuthutha yamakhasimende ayo. Abathumeli bathola izibuyekezo zesikhathi sangempela kanye nemibhalo ecacile ebekezelela ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwamasiko omhlaba wonke. Lokhu kubambisana phakathi kokuthobela imithetho kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwedijithali kuthuthukisa ulwazi lwamakhasimende jikelele. Kuqinisekisa ukuthi izixazululo ezikhethekile zemithwalo emikhulu nesindayo zihlala zingaphephile ngokomzimba kuphela kodwa futhi ziphephile ngokomthetho nangokwezimali.
Ukukhetha Okuhlelekile Kokuphathwa Kwezingozi
Ngo-2026, ukukhetha i-NVOCC enelayisensi kanye nomlingani othobela i-FMC akuseyona indaba yokukhetha kokuphatha. Kuyisinqumo esisekelwe ekuphathweni kwezingozi kanye nokuvikelwa kwezomthetho. Njengoba ukuhweba komhlaba wonke kulawulwa kakhulu, inani lobunikazi bobungcweti obuqinisekisiwe lizokhula kuphela. Abahlinzeki abanjengo-OOGPLUS bazisungule njengabasekeli bemboni ngokuqinisekisalawa malayisense abalulekileBanikeza ikhambi elilodwa elidlula ezokuthutha zendabuko, bevala igebe phakathi kobunjiniyela obunzima kanye nomthetho wamazwe omhlaba wezolwandle.
Kumnikazi wempahla womhlaba wonke, lezi zitifiketi zinikeza ukuthula kwengqondo kokuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabo okunenani eliphezulu kuvikelwa uhlaka oluqinile lwezomthetho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuthutha impahla ngendiza, olwandle, noma ezweni, ukusekelwa komthwali onelayisensi kuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke iphrojekthi ifika lapho iya khona ngobuqotho bayo obuphelele.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe okuchwepheshile kanye nezixazululo zokuthumela ezinelayisensi, sicela uvakashele iwebhusayithi esemthethweni:https://www.oogplus.com/.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-28-2026